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Public Opinion Quarterly 57:232-237 (1993)
© 1993 American Association for Public Opinion Research

THE IMPACT OF MESSAGES ON SURVEY PARTICIPATION IN ANSWERING MACHINE HOUSEHOLDS

MINGHUA XU, BENJAMIN J. BATES, visting lecturer, assistant professor and director and JOHN C. SCHWEITZER, professor in the department of communication studies

affiliated with SRI in San Francisco
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Institute for Communications Research in the School of Mass Communications
Texas Tech University

This study investigated the impact of telephone answering machines on telephone survey participation. The study found that households with answering machines were more likely to be contacted, more likely to complete the interview, and less likely to refuse to participate in the study compared to households where there was no answer on the initial call attempt. The study also investigated the utility of leaving messages on the answering machine as a means of encouraging participation. While leaving messages did result in higher participation rates, there were no significant differences among the types of messages tested.


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